Презентация по английскому языку на тему Wiiliam Shakespeare: life and heritage (8-9 класс)

William Shakespeare The Bard of Avon

1864 - 1616 Born in Stratford upon Avon Married at 18 to Ann Hathaway Had 3 children Late 1580s he left for London

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Between 1585 and 1592 he was also a writer and part owner of the “Lord Chaberlains Men”. (They became The Kings Men in 1603 when James became King of England) He had 6 plays published by 1594 Shakespeare started work as an actor

The age of Shakespeare was an interesting time in English history. The reign of Queen Elizabeth I (1558-1603) saw England emerge as the leading naval and commercial power of the Western world. England consolidated its position with the defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588, and Elizabeth firmly established the Church of England begun by her father, King Henry VIII (following Henrys dispute with the Pope over having his first marriage annulled).

European wars brought an influx of continental refugees into England, exposing people to new cultures. Sir Francis Drake circumnavigated the world and became the most celebrated English sea captain of his generation.

Shakespeare arrived in London in 1588. At that time, places like Euston and Paddington were tiny villages on the outskirts of England’s capital city. London itself covered just one square mile of land!

Life in London was just like it is in any capital city today – hectic! People got around on foot or horseback – they crossed the river by boat as there was only one bridge.

London Bridge was more than a convenient crossing in Shakespeares time. It was a residential street and shopping centre too.

The bridges stone structure supported houses and shops built of timber and brick. The average lifespan for men was 47 But just 35 in London A gate at the south end reminded Shakespeare and his fellow Londoners that Elizabethan justice could be harsh. The heads of executed criminals were displayed here.

People in London were used to such violent sights. On a Law Day they might watch as many as 30 public executions.

A good executioner could hang, draw and quarter a victim, pulling out the condemned person’s intestines and holding them up to their dying face . . .

Sometimes, the people would choose to visit St. Mary’s of Bethlehem, or ‘Bedlam’ – the local lunatic asylum.

They would then pay a penny for a sharp stick which could be used to poke the ‘lunatics’, provoking these poor people to ‘dance’!

Southwark was just beyond the range of Londons local law-makers. It was the haunt of the Elizabethan pleasure-seekers. Among their destinations were the Hope, Rose, Swan and Globe theatres. Public alehouses, bawdy houses, and bear-baiting pits also featured here. Establishments like these annoyed the authorities in Shakespeares time, and were the focus for many an unruly crowd.

This view of London is from the south of the river, from Southwark. You can see some of the theatres in the foreground of the picture.

The Bear Garden (below) was not only a theatre but also a bear baiting pit.

This picture shows what the Elizabethan theatres were like inside. Only a few members of the audience sat under cover. Most stood up in the open air.

The Globe Theatre

The Stage

The Gallery and the “groundlings”

The Plays Shakespeare wrote 38 plays (about 2 per year) … … and 154 sonnets… … 2 long narrative poems ... and an unknown number of long epic poems

The Plays Shakespeare has been translated into every living language His plays are performed more often than those of any other playwright

The Plays Shakespeare wrote between 1589 and 1613 His early plays were mostly comedies and histories (to end of 16th Century) Then mainly tragedies until 1609 Finally tragi-comedies, romances and collaborations with other playwrights

The Plays Comedy The Taming of the Shrew Much Ado About Nothing As You Like It 12th Night Midsummer Night‘s Dream Tragedy Hamlet Romeo and Juliet Othello King Lear Macbeath History Richard III Henery V

Language Grammar and spelling were less standardised Shakespeare‘s use of language shaped modern English Invented 32,000 words We use about 5,000 today eg Hot blooded Leapfrog With baited breath A foregone conclusion

Shakespeare is buried in Holy Trinity Church in Stratford.   The inscription on the stone beneath his monument reads:   GOOD FREND FOR JESUS SAKE FORBEARE, TO DIGG THE DUST ENCLOASED HEARE: BLESTE BE Ye MAN Yt [that] SPARES THES STONES, AND CURST BE HE Yt MOVES MY BONES.

Thank you! Редькин П.Н., учитель английского языка МОУ «СОШ №8 МО «Ахтубинский район» г. Ахтубинск, Астраханской области E-mail: happypavel@mail.ru