Письменное приложение к презентации по английскому языку: 'Painting Styles'

ПРЕЗЕНТАЦИЯ В ЭЛЕКТРОННОМ ВАРИАНТЕ

slide 1 SURREALISM

slide 2

Outline:

• What is Surrealism?

• Historical Context

• Features of Surrealism

• Two main types of Surrealists

• Automatic Surrealists

• Veristic Surrealists

• Important Artists

• Salvador DALI

• René MAGRITTE

slide 3

WHAT IS SURREALISM?

• a cultural movement that began in the 1920s.

• is best known for its visual artworks and writings.

• art that included unconscious thoughts and dreams.

slide 4

Historical Context

• began in 1924 with Andre Breton's Surrealist Manifesto.

• The Surrealism movement was influenced by the ideas of Freud.

• It grew out of the Dadaism movement in many respects.

• Many artists were influenced by major events such as World War I and the Great Depression.

slide 5 Features of Surrealism

• Central importance of the subconscious

• Dreams and the dream world regarded as typifying this.

slide 6 Two main types of Surrealists

Automatic Surrealism

without thought, and was meant to show the workings of the subconscious mind.

was adopted by many Surrealists, who painted whatever came into their heads.

All about FEELINGS.

slide 7

Joan Miro, La Leçon de Ski, 1966 2 картины

Andre Masson, Automatic Drawing, 1924

slide 8 Veristic Surrealists

• used very familiar everyday objects painted in a formal, realistic style

• Believed Subconscious images had meanings.

• Thought that artworks were like metaphors.

• all about MEANING.

slide 9

René Magritte, The Son of Man, 1964 2 картины

Salvador Dali, One second before awakening from a dream caused by the flight of a bee around a pomegranate, 1944

slide 10 Salvador DALI

slide 11

Birth: 11 May 1904, Spain.

Death: 23 Jan 1989

Full name: Salvador Felipe Jacinto Dalí i Domènech

approach to surrealism is described as a spontaneous method of irrational behaviour.

uses realistic items to reveal his dreamlike images

His paintings placed in unrealistic situations

slide 12-13 картины Salvador DALI

slide 14 René Magritte

slide 15

Birth: 21 Oct 1898, Belgium

Death: 15 Aug 1967

Full name: René François Ghislain Magritte

often used everyday objects and transformed them

His works generally give new meanings to the familiar things.

Slide 16-18 картины René Magritte

ПРЕЗЕНТАЦИЯ В ПИСЬМЕННОМ ВАРИАНТЕ

Good morning everyone! Let me start by saying a few words about painting styles.

The subject of my presentation is Surrealism. (slide 1)

We are here today to learn about the origin, the historical context and two major artists of Surrealism.

I have divided my presentation into 5 sections (parts). (slide 2)

They are: the concept of Surrealism, its historical context, features of Surrealism, two main types of Surrealists and the most important artists.

Let's start with the concept of Surrealism (slide 3). Surrealism is a cultural movement that began in the 1920s. It is best known for its visual artworks and writings. Surrealism is an art that included unconscious thoughts and dreams.

Let's move (go) onto the historical context of Surrealism. (slide 4)

From the 1920s onward, the movement spread around the globe, eventually affecting the visual arts, literature, film, and music of many countries and languages, as well as political thought and practice, philosophy, and social theory. The Surrealist art movement combined elements of its predecessors, Dada and cubism, to create something unknown to the art world.

The Surrealist art movement stemmed from the earlier Dada movement. Dada was a movement in which artists stated their disgust with the war and with life in general. These artists showed that European culture had lost meaning to them by creating pieces of "anti-art" or "nonart."

The Surrealist movement started in Europe in the 1920's, after World War I with its nucleus in Paris. The French poet, Andre Breton, is known as the "Pope of Surrealism." Brenton wrote the Surrealist Manifesto to describe how he wanted to combine the conscious and subconscious into a new "absolute reality". He first used the word surrealism to describe work found to be a "fusion of elements of fantasy with elements of the modern world to form a kind of superior reality."

Most Surrealists worked with psychology and fantastic visual techniques, basing their art on memories, feelings, and dreams. They often used hypnotism and drugs to venture into the dream world, where they looked for unconscious images that were not available in the conscious world. These images were seen as pure art.

Surrealists strongly embraced the ideas of Sigmund Freud. His method of psychoanalytic interpretation could be used to bring forth and illuminate the unconscious. Freud once said, "A dream that is not interpreted is like a letter that is not opened," and Surrealists adapted this idea into their artwork .

Now we come to the features of Surrealism (slide 5). A very common Surrealist technique is the juxtaposition of objects that would typically not be together in a certain situation or together at all. Juxtaposition can be used to show a metaphor or to convey a certain message. Many surrealist artists painted very realistically but had one displaced object that changed the painting entirely. Another technique called "objective chance" used images found in nature that could not be created by an artist. Stencils and rubbings were used to utilize these images.

That brings us to the main types of Surrealists. Freud inspired many Surrealists, but two different interpretations of his ideas lead to two different types of Surrealists, Automatists and Veristic Surrealists (slide 6). Automatists focused their work more on feeling. They did not think the images had a meaning or should try to be interpreted (slide 7). On the other side Veristic Surrealists (slide 8) believed subconscious images did have meaning. They felt that these images were a metaphor that, if studied, could enable the world to be understood (slide 9).

Let me turn now to the major artistы of Surrealism (slide 10). Salvador Dali (slide 11), one of the most famous Surrealist artists, was known for his wild art and a public personality to match. He once said, "It is not necessary of the public to know whether I am joking or whether I am serious, just as it is not necessary for me to know it myself". Inspired by the Dutch masters of the 17th century realism, Dali's art was known for its realistic qualities. He used multiple symbolic images to suggest his subconscious. His paintings were odd, influenced by his dreams and his fear of sex. This fear was present in many of his works, which depict sexual and violent images. Dali felt that the three constants of life were "the sexual instinct, the sentiment of death, and the anguish of space and time". He had two methods for creating art: the oniric-critical method and the paranoiac-critical method. In the former, the artist freezes and interprets his dreams through art. The latter is the science of painting so as to study the psyche through subconscious art.

By the way, you may have the pleasure to look at his outstanding works such as (slide 12-13)…. (читаете название картин)

René Magritte (slide 1), a Surrealist artist (slide 15), used traditional techniques to paint very realistic images. His art frequently depicted images of everyday life; however, he creatively changed some aspects to give his work certain meaning. Magritte was able to turn dull images into extraordinary ones. His pictures (slide 16-18)…. (читаете название картин).

That is all for my presentation today. Thank you for your attention. If you have any questions, I'll be glad to answer them now.