Материал для уроков по английскому языку на тему 'English Meals' (9 класс)

ENGLISH MEALS

An Englishman's day begins when he sits down to breakfast with his morning paper. English breakfast is generally a bigger meal than you have on the Continent, though some English people like a "continental" breakfast of rolls and butter and coffee. But the usual English breakfast is porridge or cornflakes with milk and sugar, bacon and eggs, toast and marmalade, and tea.

Round about 11 in the morning some Englishmen who work have their tea or coffee break. They never call it a meal, of course. Tea or coffee is usually brought to the factory bench or office desk.

Then at mid-day, everything is stopped for lunch. Most offices and small shops are closed for an hour, usually from one till tow, and the city pavements are full of people on their way to cafйs. Factory workers usually eat in their canteens.

The usual mid-day meal consists of two courses. First a meal course is served with plenty of vegetables. It may be potatoes, peas, beans, cabbage or cauliflower. This is followed by a sweet dish, perhaps biscuits and cheese or fruit pudding with tea to follow.

Most English people like what they call "good plain food". They must be able to recognize what they are eating. Usually they have steaks, mutton chops, roast-beef, Yorkshire pudding and fish and chips.

They are not over-fond of soup remarking that it doesn't leave enough room for the more important meat course.

Those who eat at home usually call their mid-day meal dinner and make it the chief one of the day. It consists of the three or four courses and is cooked by the mother of the family. The first course is soup. Then comes fish or meat served with various vegetables. As a change they sometimes eat chicken or duck. Then the table is cleaned and the dessert is brought in. This is jelly or fruit - apples, pears, oranges, plums and nuts.

Afternoon tea is taken at about five o'clock, but can hardly be called a meal. It is often not served at a table; each person has a cup and saucer, a spoon and a small plate in his hands. Even English people themselves do not always find it convenient.

The evening meal, when all the family gather round the table after their working day, goes under various names - tea, high tea, dinner or supper (depending upon its size). It is usually a meat course followed by tinned fruit or cake and tea. But certainly it is not the same in every English home. Tastes differ.

ACTIVE VOCABULARY

1. the first course - первое блюдо

the main course - второе блюдо

a meat course - мясное блюдо

a fish course - рыбное блюдо

the dessert - десерт

appetizers - закуски

a drink - напиток

a soft drink - безалкогольный напиток

2. to try - жарить в масле, жире на сковороде; fried - жареный

to roast - жарить в духовке; roast - жареный

to stew - тушить; stewed - тушеный; stewed fruit - компот

to boil - варить; кипятить; boiled - отварной

3. tinned

canned - консервированный

4. English dishes:

Yorkshire pudding - йоркширский пудинг (взбитое тесто, запеченное в форме и подаваемое с жаренным мясом)

marmalade - густое повидло, джем, обычно из апельсинов

(beef)steak - бифштекс

chop - отбивная котлета из свинины или баранины

cutlet - отбивная котлета из телятины или баранины

rissoles - котлеты, биточки

chips - тонко нарезанный картофель, поджаренный в масле

5. high tea - холодные закуски и чай

6. the factory bench or office desk - рабочее место на заводе или в учреждении

7. room - место, пространство

it doesn't leave enough room for…- он (суп) не оставляет места для…

8. tastes differ - о вкусах не спорят

Ex.1. Ask one of the students and let him/her answer your questions.

at what time he/she has breakfast

where he/she has dinner

what he/she usually takes for the firs and main course

what kind of soup he/she likes

what kind of salad he/she likes best of all

if he/she likes cauliflower

what fruit he/she prefers

if strong tea is to his/her taste

* * *

what he/she had for breakfast (dinner, supper) yesterday

if the meals were tasty

who generally cooks in their family

who generally lays the table

who washers up

what dishes are the favorite ones in their family

Ex.2. Make up a menu for:

1. A breakfast for a child;

2. An ordinary dinner;

3. You favorite supper;

4. A New Year (or birthday) party;

5. A person who keeps to a diet.

Ex.3. Give equivalents to the following proverbs. Learn them by heart and use them in your own situation.

1. Hunger is the best sauce.

2. As hungry as a wolf (hunter).

3. Her eyes are bigger than her stomach.

4. Too many cooks spoil the broth.

5. Hope is a good breakfast, but a bed dinner.

6. After dinner sleep a while, after supper walk a mile.

ADDITIONAL TEXTS FOR READING AND DISCUSSION

DINNER AT HOME

Mother: The table is laid. Come along, both of you, and let's begin. It's high time to have dinner.

Father: I'm ready. I feel quite hungry.

Alec: So am I. I could eat a horse.

Mother: Well, we haven't got a horse for you, but what we have got is quite nice.

Your favorite dishes will be served today.

Alec: What are they? I've got so many.

Mother: For the first course we shall have chicken soup, and rissoles with mashed

potatoes for the main course.

Alec: And for dessert?

Mother: I've got stewed fruit with cake.

Alec: Oh, that's wonderful! It's a pity you don't make stewed fruit more often. May I go and get it now?

Father: Don't be so impatient. Wait till we've finished he second course. Where is

the salt, please?

Mother: Alec, pass the salt-cellar to Father, please.

Alec: Here you are, Dad.

Father: Thank you, son.

Mother: Why don't you help yourself to some salad, Alec?

Alec: You know I don't like salad of any kind.

Mother: Here is your soup.

Alec: Thank you, mother. May I trouble you for a piece of bread?

Mother: Brown or white?

Alec: Brown, please. The soup is delicious today. May I have another helping?

Mother: Certainly, dear, I want you to have a good meal. Any more soup for you,

Father?

Father: Now more, thank you.

Mother: Alec, hand me your plate. I'll give you some rissoles. Will two rissoles do?

Alec: Yes, Mum… And now may I have stewed fruit with cake which has been

promised?

Mother: Take it from the fridge. I put it there to cool.

Alec: Oh, apricots and cherries!

Father: Thank you, dear, for a most delicious dinner.

Mother: Now, Alec, I want you to help me clear the table. these plates, spoons,

knives and forks must be taken to the kitchen. This bred-basket, the salt-

cellar and mustard-pot must be put into the sideboard.

Alec: I've done all that, Mum. What else?

Mother: Take the table-cloth and fold it neatly. Then put the chairs straight. That's a good boy!

AT THE RESTAURANT

Fred: Let's go in here. The restaurants aren't very crowded in the day time on week- days, and I like a change from the cafeteria now and then. Here's a table.

Kate: Let's see what's on the menu. I'll have tomato soup, and stewed meat with

mashed potatoes and green peas.

Fred: And I'll take broth and a steak with vegetables.

Waiter: Would you like anything to start with?

Fred: Yes, we would like some salad. And will you please bring a bottle of water?

Waiter: Certainly.

Kate: Tomato soup is my favorite. It's delicious.

Fred: Your soup smells lovely, Kate. I almost wish that I had ordered it too. Oh, here comes the meat.

Kate: Do you like your steak? It looks lovely.

Fred: Oh, yes, I do. It's very tender.

Waiter: Would you like some fruit?

Kate: Oh, could we have some coffee, please?

Waiter: Black or white?

Fred: Black, please, and two cakes. As we are in a hurry could you have the bill

ready?

Waiter: The two together?

Fred: Yes, thank you.

Read the first dialogue and say what the family had for dinner.

What do you say if you want:

to ask smb. To pass the salt to you

to ask your friend to cut some bred

to ask your guest to help herself to jam

to offer someone another plate of soup

to ask for another helping

to say that you've had enough

to know if your guest likes ice-cream

to know if your guest prefers chops to rissoles

Read the second dialogue and answer the following questions:

1. Where did Kate and Fred have their dinner?

2. Was the restaurant very crowded?

3. What did Kate take for dinner?

4. What did Fred take for dinner?

5. What soup was Kate's favorite? Was it good?

6. How did Fred like his steak?

7. What did they take for the dessert?

Make up dialogues. Use the following phrases.

1. Entertaining Guests

May I trouble you for…?

Help yourself to …?

Pass me …, please?

As to me, I prefer …

Would you like another …?

May I offer you another … ?

Have some more …

No more, thank you.

2. At a Restaurant

There's a table for two in the corner.

Here's the waitress.

Have a look at your order?

We'll have…

I would recommend …

I'm a poor eater. Just bring me some …

What about the dessert?

I'm fond of …

Everything is delicious (tasty).

Waitress, the bill, please.

EATING HABITS

Eating habits change from generation to generation. Before scientists learnt about vitamins and other constituents of food, people believed in eating large quantities of food and were not concerned so much about a balanced diet. A hearty eighteen century meal could consist of as many as twenty courses. The Romans were famous for their great feasts and big appetites.

In the year 2100 people's eating habits may be just as surprising but in a very different sort of way. There may well be an end to food as we know it today. Meals, as we know them, may become a thing of the past. Food constituents and vitamins may be taken in the form of capsules, tablets and pills. The thought of these highly artificial food constituents replacing present day foods may not be very pleasant, but they may be the answer to food shortage and world famine.

1. Questions on the text:

1. Do eating habits remain unchanged?

2. What did people believe in before scientists learnt about vitamins and other constituents of food?

3. How many courses could a hearty eighteen century meal consist of?

4. What were the Romans famous for?

5. What can present day foods be replaced by in 2100?

THE CRIMES OF EATING

Junk-food diets may be leading young people into crime and delinquency. British research has shown that poor quality foods and low level of vitamins can cause agressive, anti-social behaviour in young offenders. Often the link between diet and behaviour is easily explained. For iron vitamin, for example, is needed to produce the enzymes which keep down the body's adrenaline levels. Without those enzymes, excess adrenaline makes a person excitable and undisciplined. If someone goes without the proper vitamins all the time, their whole character may change.

Dr. Damian Downing is working on the Alternative Sentencing Option programme, which tries to reverse such changes by helping young criminals change their diets. He asks young offenders to fill in questionnaires about their food and about how they feel. "They consistently have terrible health. Their diet is very poor, because cash has usually been a problem, and they haven't been educated into a good diet. It takes them the whole morning and half the afternoon to wake up." A better diet can lead to rapid improvement. "Three months is enough to see a striking change in the way they behave. They become noticeably nicer and more sociable."

1. Questions on the text.

1. What is the main point about junk food in the text?

2. What kind of food do young offenders eat? Give examples of junk food.

3. How do young offenders feel, according to Dr. Downing?