Знаменитости нашего времени. Реферат Билл Гейтс для 7 класса.

Муниципальное бюджетное образовательное учреждение «Средняя общеобразовательная школа №18»

Статья «Бил Гейц»

Работу выполнила Асламазова Диана Денисовна

Ученица 7 "Б" класса МОУ «СОШ №18»

Г.Майкопа

Учитель - Дохужева Фатимет Ахмедовна

e-mail: dokhuzheva.fatimet@yandex.ru</</u>

Once I was asked whom I would consider a great man. Bill Gates came into my mind. William Henry Gates was born on 28 October in 1955 in Seattle (the USA, Washington), One of the three children of William Henry Gates Second, a Seattle attorney, a corporate lawyer, he was also the only son. His mother Mary Maxwell Gates, was a board member of Berkshire Hathaway, First Interstate Bank, Pacific Northwest Bell and the national board of United Way. As a boy Bill Gates was modest and shy, he showed a good aptitude for mathematics and mathematical logic, and he dreamed for becoming a professor of mathematics. He didn't show leadership skills which were peculiar to his parents, and they couldn't imagine that their Bill would ever become not just a successful businessman, but synonymous with wealth.

Gates attended elementary school but when he was 12 years old his parents felt that he could better develop his abilities in mathematics at a private school and sent him to a private Lakeside School Seatle's most exclusive prep school, where he was able to develop his programming skills on the sсhool's minicomputer. At that time Gates was interested in computers and a year later he wrote his first program. It was a small simple program, but it was amazing. At that time computers were very sophisticated and large aggregates, and to write something considerable was a real perseverance. The main merit of Bill Gates is that he was in the decades ahead to foresee the possibility of super-profits from the fact can't touch it, that is exclusively a product of human intelligence-computer programs . The first company that organized Gates was called Traf-O-Data , while he was still in college . This firm was engaged in production of computer software primarily for the city government to calculate the movement of public transport. At the age of 15, Bill wrote a program to regulate the movement of the urban traffic and earned his 20 thousand dollars. When he was 17 he was asked to write some programs to calculate the energy distribution of the Bonneville dam.

Bill Gates had no idea that writing programs could become a matter of his life. Gates with his childhood friend Paul Allen turned to a computing company, in exchange for free use of a more powerful computer they searched for bugs in the computer system while also learning new languages. While Bill was a student at Harvard University he co-wrote with Paul Allen a new version of Basic programming language for the first personnel computer the Altair 8800 in the middle 1970s.. The company was impressed with Gates and Allen's work and licensed the software resulting in Gates and Allen forming the company Microsoft to develop software for other companies. Bill dropped out of Harvard to spend more time on the new business.

Their break came when they developed an operating system called MS-DOS for the first IBM personnel computer, and later managed to persuade other manufactures to standardize their systems to run MS-DOS. This standardization started a new computer industry boom throughout the 1980's as MS-DOS took hold of the market and gained popularity, Microsoft also started developing applications such as word processors.

Microsoft announced Windows 1.0 in 1983, which promised a graphical user interface (GUI) better graphics and multitasking. However the final product was not released for another 2 years until 1985, with very few compatible applications Windows did not sell well.

In 1987 Gates was officially declared a billionaire in the pages of Forbes 400 Richest people in America issue, just days before his 32^nd birthday. As the world's youngest self-made billionaire, he was worth $1.25 billion, over $900 million more than he'd been worth the year before, when he'd debuted on the list. If he change all his money tj US$1 notes, he would make a road from the earth to moon, 14 times back and forth. But he will need to make that road non-stop for 1,400 years, and use a total of 713 Boeing 174 planes to transport all the money. His hobbies is Bridge , golf, reading and philanthropy. On the second of March in 2005 Bill Gates knighted by Queen Elizabeth II for his contribution to the British economy. His title will be "Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire". Though he is not allowed to call himself "Sir" because of his USA citizenship but may suffix his name with KBE.

Over the next five years Microsoft released a number of upgraded windows 2.0 versions which added many programs, versatility and features. As Microsoft grew, its share price sky rocketed, and at the age of 31 Bill Gates became the youngest self-made billionaire in American history.

In 1990 Microsoft headed by Bill Gates created a new version of Windows called Windows 3.0 with a much improved GUI and features which sold more than 10 million copies, quickly followed by Windows 3.1, 3.11 and workgroups which added networking support. Building on their success Microsoft developed Windows 95 followed by windows 98, 2000, Millennium Edition and The current version Windows XP. Each new windows release has seen Microsoft gain more market share and along with their popular applications such as Office, games etc has seen Bill Gates become the richest man in the world worth an estimated US$46 billion.

Gates also has interests in other business having many investments and positions in company's including Corbis Corporation, Berkshire Hathaway Inc, Teledesic Corporation. In 1998 Gates gave up his role as CEO to focus on development of new technology and products.

Bill Gates married Melinda French Gates in 1994 and has three children, Jennifer, Rory and Phoebe. The Gates' home is an earth-sheltered house in the side of a hill overlooking Lake Washington in Medina. According to King County public records, as of 2006 the total assessed value of the property it is land and house is $125 million, and the annual property tax is $991,000. His 66,000 sq ft 6,100 m2 estate has a 60-foot 18 m swimming pool with an underwater music system, as well as a 2,500 sq ft 230 m2 gym and a 1,000 sq ft ,93 m2 dining room. Also among Gates's private acquisitions is the Codex Leicester, a collection of writings by Leonardo da Vinci, which Gates bought for $30.8 million at an auction in 1994. Gates is also known as an avid reader, and the ceiling of his large home library is engraved with a quotation from The Great Gatsby. Gates began to appreciate the expectations others had of him when public opinion mounted suggesting that he could give more of his wealth to charity. Gates studied the work of Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller, and in 1994 sold some of his Microsoft stock to create the William H. Gates Foundation. In 2000, Gates and his wife combined three family foundations into one to create the charitable Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, which is the largest transparently operated charitable foundation in the world. The foundation allows benefactors access to information regarding how its money is being spent, unlike other major charitable organizations such as the Welcome Trust. The generosity and extensive philanthropy of David Rockefeller has been credited as a major influence. Gates and his father met with Rockefeller several times, and modeled their giving in part on the Rockefeller family's philanthropic focus, namely those global problems that are ignored by governments and other organizations. As of 2007, Bill and Melinda Gates were the second-most generous philanthropists in America, having given over $28 billion to charity.

The foundation was at the same time criticized because it invests assets that it has not yet distributed with the exclusive goal of maximizing return on investment. As a result, its investments include companies that have been charged with worsening poverty in the same developing countries where the Foundation is attempting to relieve poverty. These include companies that pollute heavily, and pharmaceutical companies that do not sell into the developing world. In response to press criticism, the foundation announced in 2007 a review of its investments, to assess social responsibility. It subsequently canceled the review and stood by its policy of investing for maximum return, while using voting rights to influence company practices.

Gates's wife urged people to learn a lesson from the philanthropic efforts of the Salwen family, which had sold its home and given away half of its value, as detailed in The Power of Half. Gates and his wife invited Joan Salwen to Seattle to speak about what the family had done, and on December 9, 2010, Gates, investor Warren Buffett, and Mark Zuckerberg signed a promise they called the "Gates-Buffet Giving Pledge", in which they promised to donate to charity at least half of their wealth over the course of time..

Gates, holding more than eight percent of the company's common stock, is the largest individual shareholder of Microsoft. Outside of Microsoft he has co-authored several books. Bill Gates' incredible wealth is perhaps as notorious as his achievements in the field of computer science. He is one of the richest men in the world. He is purported to make $250 every second, which amounts to about $7.8 billion a year. It is said that if he were to drop a one thousand dollar bill, it wouldn't matter if he picked it up or not since he would make another thousand dollars in the approximately four seconds it would take him to pick it up.

In his travels around the world , Bill Gates talks with leaders about the fate of the world . His fund annually gives huge sums in new technology and medicine. One billion dollars has been listed on the scholarships, with Microsoft he provides talented but needy students around the world .

Times (magazine) named Gates one of the 100 people who most influenced the 20th century, as well as one of the 100 most influential people of 2004, 2005, and 2006. Time also collectively named Gates, his wife Melinda and U2's lead singer Bono as the 2005 Persons of the Year for their humanitarian efforts. In 2006, he was voted eighth in the list of "Heroes of our time". Gates was listed in the Sunday Times power list in 1999, named CEO of the year by Chief Executive Officers magazine in 1994, ranked number one in the "Top 50 Cyber Elite" by Time in 1998, ranked number two in the Upside Elite 100 in 1999 and was included in The Guardian as one of the "Top 100 influential people in media" in 2001.

In November 2006, he and his wife were awarded the Order of the Aztec Eagle for their philanthropic work around the world in the areas of health and education, particularly in Mexico, and specifically in the program "Un pa?s de lectores" . In October 2009, it was announced that Gates will be awarded the 2010 Bower Award for Business Leadership of The Franklin Institute for his achievements in business and for his philanthropic work. In 2010 he was honored with the Silver Buffalo Award by the Boy Scouts of America, its highest award for adults, for his service to youth.

Gates is one of the famous entrepreneurs and he has helped to revolutionize personal computing. Today we can not imagine our life without computers, without Internet. The computer gives us access to a wide range of data bases and scans them very quickly .If we wish to study a topic in depth this may be the best way to discover what has already been written in the area. So computers play an important role in education.

This century is called the information century. We read the latest news in the Internet Time is an important category in our days. They say who owns the information that owns the world! To tell the truth I think businessmen won a great deal of time with the help of the computers. And we remember the saying- time is money.

Teenagers find a lot of entertainment in computers; they listen to music, watch films, doing homework, get acquainted with each other, make their own films and send them to the Internet and so on.

Bill Gates is certainly one of the greatest persons of this time. He almost changed the look of the world .He started with simple programs and has reached the fact that now in every house there is a personal computer with a bunch of programs he has created. Humanity must be thankful to him There are a lot of people who have no opportunity to make friends weather they work hard from the morning till night or they are disabled or maybe they are shy…And Bill Gates presented to everybody a chance to become happier. He managed to short the distance between different countries, even between continents, between people. You know people dreamed about magic things to appear in some places during a short period of time. They wanted to see what happened somewhere else. And Bill Gates could make the dreams came true. He rightfully occupies a prominent place in history. I am sure that the name of the person who changed the world is BILL GATES!