7


Основной курс

Автор публикации:
Дата публикации:
Краткое описание: Учебное пособие обеспечивает развитие навыков устной речи на такие темы как «Моя семья», «Квартира», «Система образования России и Великобритании», «Наша Родина», «Великобритания». «США».Учебное пособие предполагает овладение основным минимум грамматики и лексики, не
предварительный просмотр материала

Министерство культуры Саратовской Области

ГОУ СПО «Саратовский Областной Колледж Искусств»









Учебное пособие для студентов












Составитель Доценко Н.А.
















Text "My family"


Our family is a big one. There are four of us: father, mother and two children - a son and a daughter. My full name is Ivan Petrovich Smirnov. Ivan is my name, Petrovich - patronymic and Smirnov - surname. I am not married. My sister`s name is Maria Petrova, she is married. Her maiden surname is also Smirnova. I was born in Moscow. My sisters birthplace is also Moscow. I am fifteen years old. My sister graduated from Moscow University. Now she is working as an engineer. Her husband is the engineer too. They have twins: a son and a daughter. They go to a nursery school.

My mother is a doctor. She works in a hospital. She likes her profession. She reads a lot of books on medicine. My father is a worker. He is a turner. He is an experienced worker. He reads a lot. His hobby is fishing. When he comes home without fish mother goes to the shop for fish. He often sings and when we are at home and have some free time I play the guitar and we sing together.


Выпишите и выучите слова:


full name - полное имя

surname - фамилия

to be marry - быть замужем (женатым)

maiden surname - девичья фамилия

to be born - родиться

birthplace - место рождения

graduate - оканчивать

medicine - медицина

turner - токарь

experienced - опытный

without - без

guitar - гитара

a lot of - много


Ответьте на вопросы:


1) How big is his family? 2) What is his full name? 3) Is he married? 4) How old is he? 5) What is his sister name? 6) Is she married? 7) Where did his sister graduate? 8) What profession is she working now? 9) Has she twins? 10) Where does his mother work? 11) Does his mother reads a lot of books on medicine? 12) What hobby is his father? 13) What does his mother do when the father comes home without fish?


The Present Simple Tense

Настоящее простое (неопределенное) время


to read - читать


I, you, we, they - read

she, he, it - reads


I, you, we, they - do (not)

she, he, it - does (not)


Упражнение №1. Укажите предложения, сказуемые которых стоят в Present Simple Tense:


1) He went there yesterday. 2) We live in Moscow. 3) She likes to go to the theatre. 4) He will go to the theatre tomorrow. 5) Do you study at school? 6) My father works at a hospital. 7) Did my mother work at a school last year? 8) Peter`s sister does not work. 9) She studies at the university. 10) Billy did not get up at 8 o`clock on Sunday.


Упражнение №2. Образуйте вопросительную и отрицательную формы:


1) She works at a hospital. 2) We sing together. 3) He reads a lot. 4) They want to tell him about their family. 5) Mother goes to the shop. 6) We do sums well. 7) He tells us about his regiment. 8) My grandparents live with us. 9) Ann helps about the house. 10) We want to become engineer.


Упражнение №3. Поставьте глагол в соответствующую форму:


1) He … not work at the school. (to do) 2) I … in Saratov. (to live) 3) My mother … English well. (to speak) 4) … you like German? (to do) 5) We … at school. (to study) 6) Peter often … to the theatre. (to go) 7) We … every day. (to read) 8) I … to know English well. (to want) 9) Her brother … as a driver. (to work) 10) My grandpa often … the soldiers of his regiment. (to meet)


Упражнение №4. Переведите с английского языка на русский:


1) His sister studies English every day. 2) I go to bed at ten o`clock every day. 3) My brother washes his face every morning. 4) Boris jumps out of bed and runs to the bathroom. 5) She meets three girls from her group. 6) They return home late at night. 7) Tom always eats breakfast. 8) She lives on the third floor. 9) Do you watch TV every day? 10) My friend goes to the library every Wednesday.


Упражнение №5. Переведите с русского языка на английский:


1) Моя тётя работает учителем. 2) Ты любишь плавать? 3) Мы любим картины Репина. 4) Он часто ходит в кино. 5) Петя учится очень хорошо. 6) Они играют в футбол. 7) Вы читаете много книг? 8) Аня любит играть на пианино. 9) Он живет в Москве или в Саратове? 10) Мой папа не знает немецкого языка.


Text "Our College"


My name is Ann Petrova. In June I left school and in August passed my exams at the college. The level pass to our college was 7. I got 4 in Russian and 5 in mathematics. So my level pass was 9. Now I am a full-time firs-year student.

Our college is not far from my flat and I can easily get there by bus. It takes me 25 minutes to get to the college. Sometimes I go there on foot.

There are several departments at our college. It runs full-time and pert-time departments. Our studies begin at 9 o`clock, usually we have six hours a day. We have a lunch break at 12 o`clock. We have a good canteen and during our lunch period we take our meals there. There is a gym hall on the ground floor. Our library is on the second floor. It contains a lot of textbooks and fiction. It is open from 9 a. m. till 8 p. m. There is large reading-hall in our college. We often do our homework there. Our classrooms are large and light.

The academic session began on the first of September and will end June. Every day we attend lectures and have practice.

I study well because I want to become a good specialist. At the end of the tern we`ll take exams and I`ll try to pass them successfully.


Выпишите и выучите слова:


to leave school - окончить школу

to take exams - сдавать экзамены

to pass exams - сдавать экзамены

level pass - проходной балл

on foot (to walk) - пешком (ходить)

to run - вести обучение

an hour, a period - час учебных занятий

a break - перемена

canteen - буфет, столовая

gym - спортивный зал

fiction - художественная литература

academic session - учебный год

to attend lectures - посещать лекции


Ответьте на вопросы:


1) When did Ann finish school? 2) What was the level pass to her college? 3) Is Ann a full-time student? 4) How can Ann get your college? 5) How much time does it take Ann to get there? 6) Are there several department at her college? 7) When does the academic session begin? 8) Are their classrooms large and light? 9) Do they attend lectures and practice? 10) What will they take at the end of the tern?


The Past Simple Tense

Прошедшее простое (неопределенное) время


правильные глаголы - окончание ed/d

to ask (спрашивать) - asked

неправильные глаголы - таблица неправильных глаголов

I, you, he, she, it, we, they - did (not)


Упражнение №1. Укажите предложения, сказуемые которых стоят в Past Simple Tense:


1) Do you live in Moscow? 2) He did not come to the lessons. 3) They went to the college every morning. 4) Ann went to Saratov in 1997. 5) They like to read books at home. 6) They took these books in the library yesterday. 7) I get to my work by bus. 8) We moved to a new flat. 9) Did he meet me at the corner of the street? 10) Where did you make a change?


Упражнение №2. Образуйте вопросительную и отрицательную формы:


1) Last summer we liked to go to the forest. 2) This door leaded to the hall. 3) My mother kept the books in the shelf. 4) He invited me to the theatre. 5) She presented him with a book. 6) They went up in the lift to the top floor. 7) He came direct to Moscow. 8) We helped her about the house. 9) He wanted to tell us about the war. 10) We took an active part in social live.


Упражнение №3. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глагол в Past Simple Tense:


1) What you neighbor … yesterday? (to do) 2) Mr. Smith … his car yesterday morning. (to fix) 3) His wife … plants in the garden. (to water) 4) We … to bed at ten o`clock yesterday. (to go) 5) My brother … coffee yesterday. (to drink) 6) … we rest yesterday? (to do) 7) She … a funny story about her pet. (to write) 8) Kate … not cook yesterday. (to do) 9) He … to the country last week. (to go) 10) We … a very good book last Tuesday. (to buy)


Упражнение №4. Переведите с английского языка на русский:


) My granny did not buy bread yesterday. 2) We went on a tramp last Sunday. 3) They saw a very good film last Sunday. 4) He made a fire last summer. 5) She spent last summer at the seaside. 6) I met my friend yesterday. 7) Last Sunday we went to the theatre. 8) Mother cooked a very tasty dinner yesterday. 9) She washed the dishes and looked very tired. 10) He talked on the phone.


Упражнение №5. Переведите с русского языка на английский :


В прошлый понедельник у нас было 5 уроков. Первым уроком был русский язык. На этом уроке мы писали диктант и делали упражнения. Коля был у доски. Он отвечал хорошо и получил 5. Петя не получил 5, потому что он не знал урока. После второго урока я ходил в столовую. Я съел бутерброд и выпил чашку чая. После уроков я не пошел домой. Я пошел в библиотеку.


Text "Our flat"


We live in Saratov on Moscovskay street in a new flat. Our flat is large and comfortable. It is a four-room flat. We got it 2 years ago. We live on the fifth floor. There is a lift in our flat.

Though there are four rooms in our flat. We like the living-room best of all because in the evenings we gather there to have a tea, watch TV, talk and rest.

The living-room is large. There are two windows and a door in it. The windows face the street. The door leads to my parents` bedroom. There is a table and some chairs in the middle of the room. There are some armchairs and a piano in the living-room. My sister plays the piano.

In the morning we have breakfast in the kitchen. It is large and light. The table is near the window. The refrigerator (frig) is in the corner. The gas stove is opposite the frig. There is always running hot and cold water and central heating in our flat.

When we got our flat we invited our friends and relatives for the house warming. They presented us with a picture.


Выпишите и выучите слова:


though - хотя

to gather - собираться

to lead - вести, руководить

in the middle - в середине

in the corner - в углу

near - близко

refrigeration (frig) - холодильник

central heating - центральное отопление

to get - получать

to invite - приглашать

to present - дарить


Ответьте на вопросы:


1) Where do they live? 2) Is their flat large and comfortable? 3) How many rooms is their flat? 4) When did they get it? 5) What room do they like best of all? 6) Why do they like this room? 7) Are there two or three windows? 8) Where does the door lead? 9) Have they breakfast in the kitchen? 10) What did relatives present?


Future Simple Tense

Будущее простое (неопределенное) время


I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they - will + смысловой глагол в форме инфинитива

I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they - will (not)


Упражнение №1. Укажите предложения, сказуемые которых стоят в Future Simple Tense:


1) She went there. 2) She wants to go there. 3) She will go there. 4) We will read this lesson. 5) Do you live in Moscow? 6) They will not go to the theatre. 7) We take our exams in January. 8) We will go to the gym. 9) I worked hard during the term. 10) Will our group attend lectures on English music?


Упражнение №2. Образуйте вопросительную и отрицательную формы:


1) We will live in Moscow in May. 2) He will study English next year. 3) She will take this book from the library tomorrow. 4) We will have lesson tomorrow. 5) They will send her a telegram.


Упражнение №3. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глагол в Future Simple Tense:


1) The academic session … … ten months. (to last) 2) … you … new books at your meeting? (to discuss) 3) … we … indoors or out-of-doors? (to play) 4) We … … hard. (to work) 5) In winter they … … and ski. (to skate) 6) He … … an interesting book tomorrow. (to choose) 7) Kate … … dinner tomorrow. (to cook) 8) I … not … ice cream tomorrow. (to eat) 9) Nellie … … for Moscow tomorrow. (to leave). 10) … you … to next summer? (to gow)


Упражнение №4. Переведите с английского языка на русский:


We will grow tomatoes next summer. 2) Will she go to the south next summer? 3) What will you buy at the shop tomorrow? 4) My brother will go to the country with us next Sunday. 5) I will invite my cousin to stay with me next summer. 6) She will spend a letter to my friend tomorrow. 7) He will not play the piano tomorrow. 8) Where will he spend next summer? 9) Tomorrow Nick will not go to school. 10) I will turn on the television to watch cartoons tomorrow morning.


Упражнение №5. Переведите с русского языка на английский:


1) Завтра я встану позже. 2) Я буду занята следующим летом. 3) Мой брат пригласит друзей завтра. 4) Зимой он будет кататься на коньках. 5) Её бабушка и дедушка поедут в Киев на следующий год. 6) Они будут учиться в колледже в следующем году. 7) Вы пойдете в кино завтра? 8) Я не поеду в деревню в следующем месяце. 9) Мы будем читать рассказ на английском на следующем уроке. 10) Она напишет статью завтра.


Text "My Working Day"


On my working day, as a rule, I get up early. I do my bed and open window. I do my morning exercises, but not always. Then I go to the bathroom. I take a shower, wash myself and clean my teeth. After that I go back to my bedroom, dress myself and brush my hair. I have my breakfast in the kitchen. I always have a cup of tea or coffee and sandwich.

I live not far from my college and it takes me only ten minutes to walk there. I am never late for the first lesson, because I come to the collage a few minutes before the bell. The lessons begin at eight o`clock and half past they are over. Usually I have three or four lectures and then practice. After the lessons I go to the library. There I do my home task.

Then I have dinner at my college canteen. For dinner I usually have soup for the first course, meat or fish with some salad for the second. I drink milk or a cup of tea.


Twice a week I go to the swimming pool. I play volleyball in the collage team and we have our training at our big gymnasium.

In the evening all the members of our family get together. We have supper, watch TV or read books. Reading is my hobby. I like to read detective stories or books of modern writers. Sometimes my friend and I go to the cinema or to the theatre. At about eleven o`clock I go to bed.


Выпишите и выучите слова:


as a rule - как правило

morning exercise - зарядка

to take a shower - принимать душ

to have breakfast - завтракать

always - всегда

far from - далеко

never - никогда

canteen - столовая

twice - дважды

team - команда

to train - тренироваться


The Present Continuous Tense
Настоящее продолженное (длительное) время


вспомогательный глагол to be в настоящем времени + окончание ing

I am speaking

you are speaking

he/she/it is speaking

we/you/they are speaking

вопросительная форма - вспомогательный глагол to be выносится на 1 место

отрицательная форма - после вспомогательного глагола to be добавляется частица not

Упражнение№1. Заполните пропуски глаголом to be в нужной форме:


1) They … sitting in the classroom. 2) What … you doing? 3) He … reading a book. 4) I … not reading, I … writing. 5) Ann … going to the college. 6) He … entering my room. 7) We … taking a book. 8) They … doing their morning exercises. 9) I … going to the bathroom. 10) My sister … doing her bed.


Упражнение №2. Образуйте вопросительную и отрицательную формы:


1) My little sister is sleeping now. 2) My friends a doing their homework now. 3) She is reading now. 4) Now she is going to school. 5) My cat is playing with a ball. 6) We are eating ice cream now. 7) Her brother is crying now. 8) They are drinking tea. 9) We are working in the garden. 10) The students are translating the text.


Упражнение 3. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глагол в Present Continuous:


1) He … … his teeth. (to clean) 2) Ann … … her hair. (to brush) 3) We … … our breakfast. (to have) 4) I … … to the canteen. (to go) 5) He … … in the reading-hall. (to write) 6) They … … TV with their friends. (to watch) 7) She … … a letter to her sister. (to write) 8) We … … a story about students` live. (to read) 9) He … … a book from the shelf. (to take) 10) Granny … … dinner now. (to cook)


Упражнение №4. Переведите с английского языка на русский:


1) What is the mother doing now? 2) I am not writing a report now. 3) She is going to school now. 4) Is he sleeping now? 5) What is your brother doing now? 6) I am writing a letter to my friends. 7) She is telling them some interesting story. 8) They are having meeting. 9) He is reading a newspaper. 10) I am answering the telephone right now.


Упражнение №5. Переведите с русского языка на английский:


1) Я сейчас делаю зарядку. 2) Ученики пишут диктант сейчас. 3) Катя подметает пол. 4) Мы пьем воду. 5) Дети снимают свои Пальто. 6) Она открывает коробку с шоколадом. 7) Я учу стихотворение. 8) Он вытирает пыль со стола. 9) Сюзана шьет новое платье. 10) Что вы делаете сегодня?


Text "The Weather"


The four seasons of the year are spring, summer, autumn and winter.

Summer is the hottest season in our country and comes during the months of June, July and August. June is the busiest month for students. It is examination period. Most people have their vocation during the summer months. In summer they rest in the river. After summer comes autumn which last three months: September, October and November. Some people like autumn better than any other season. The children return to school, the students to collages and institutes.

After marvelous weather in the Indian summer days often come nasty days. It rains hard. Students have to work hard and spend most of their time indoors.

December is the first winter month. December, January and February are the winter months, but cold weather sometimes come earlier in November or in October. The coldest month is January. In winter the days are shorter and the nights are longer. The air is cold. It snows hard. But if the day is sunny and not windy it is pleasant to ski and skate. Our youth is fond of sports and spends a lot of time out-of-doors.

Spring begins in March. The weather gets better and the sun shines more brightly. The days become longer. The birds return from the South and make their nests. It sometimes rains but the sky is usually bright-blue and it is warm.


Выпишите и выучите слова:


to be busy - быть занятым

vocation - отпуск, каникулы

marvelous - прекрасный

nasty - скверный

Indian summer - бабье лето

indoors - в помещении, в доме

out-of-doors - на открытом воздухе, на улице

hard - трудный

to be fond of - любить

nest - гнездо


Ответьте на вопросы:


1) How many seasons are there in the year? 2) Is summer the hottest season in our country? 3) What month is the busiest for students? 4) Have most people their vocation during the summer months? 5) Some people like autumn better than any other season, don`t they? 6) Where do the children return? 7) Is December or January the first winter month? 8) What days are in winter? 9) When does spring begin? 10) Do the birds return from the South and make their nests?


The Past Continuous Tense

Прошедшее продолженное время


вспомогательный глагол to be в прошедшем времени + окончание ing

I was speaking

you were speaking

he/she/it was speaking

we/you/they were speaking

вопросительная форма - вспомогательный глагол to be выносится на 1 место

отрицательная форма - после вспомогательного глагола to be добавляется частица not


Упражнение №1. Заполните пропуски глаголом to be в нужной форме:


1) My sister … reading a book from 6 to 8 yesterday. 2) What … you doing at 6 o`clock? 3) She … not reading when you came. 4) The students … writing. 5) I … going to the cinema. 6) They … going to the college at 5 o`clock. 7) You … working at the factory at 4 o`clock. 8) I … reading a book from 2 to 3. 9) Ann … taking a book. 10) He … having his breakfast.


Упражнение №2. Образуйте вопросительную и отрицательную формы:


1) Father was watching TV at ten o`clock. 2) He was going to bed at nine o`clock. 3) She was finishing her homework at six o`clock. 4) We were playing the piano at five o`clock. 5) He was beginning to do his homework at four o`clock. 6) She was washing the floor at three o`clock. 7) They were meeting Nick at two o`clock. 8) He was getting up at seven o`clock. 9) My mother was coming home at six o`clock. 10) We were drinking tea at eleven o`clock.


Упражнение №3. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глагол в Past Continuous:

1) Lena … … floor from eleven till twelve on Sunday. (to sweep) 2) Mother … … dinner at three o`clock yesterday. (to cook) 3) I … … the window at six o`clock (to open) 4) We … … the latest news from three till four yesterday. (to discuss) 5) What … you … at four o`clock? (to do) 6) … you … supper at nine o`clock yesterday? (to have) 7) Nick … … to bed at ten o`clock. (to go) 8) We … … badminton from nine till eleven yesterday. (to play) 9) I … … an English exercise at this time yesterday. (to write) 10) My little sister … … at this time yesterday. (to sleep)


Упражнение №4. Переведите с английского языка на русский:


1) My friends were not doing their homework at seven o`clock yesterday. 2) She was reading the whole evening o`clock yesterday. 3) Were you drinking tea at this time yesterday? 4) I was eating a banana this time yesterday. 5) Were you eating ice cream when I rang you up yesterday? 6) What was your father doing from eight till nine yesterday? 7) I was going to the cinema at four o`clock yesterday. 8) She was doing her homework this time. 9) He was not sleeping when father came home. 10) What were you doing when I rang you up?


Упражнение №5. Переведите с русского языка на английский:


1) Он читал газету, когда я вошел. 2) Вчера я проснулся в 6 часов. 3) В этот момент вчера мы обедали. 4) Он писал письмо, когда я вошел. 5) Что ты делал в 6 часов вечера? 6) Вчера урок начался в 9 часов. 7) Она закончила готовить в 4 часа. 8) Я закрыл окно в 6 часов вчера вечером. 9) Вы пили кофе в этот момент вчера? 10) Они ходили в театр в 6 часов вечера.


Text "English Weather"


The weather in England is very changeable. A fine morning can change into a wet afternoon and evening. And a nasty morning can change to a fine afternoon.

The two worst months in Britain are January and February. One may get many cold wet days one after the other. The best place in the world then is at home by the big fire.

The best time of the year in England is spring (of course, it rains in spring, too). The weather gets better and the sun shines more brightly. The days become longer.

Summer months are rather cold and there can be a lot of rainy days. So more people who look forward to summer holidays plan to go abroad in summer to France or somewhere on the Continent.

The most unpleasant aspect of English weather is fog and smog. This is extremely bad in big cities and especially in London. The fog spreads everywhere, it is in the streets and it creeps into the houses.

The weather is the favorite conversational topic in England. When two Englishmen meet, their first words will be "How do you do?" or "How are you?" and after the reply "Very well, thank you; how are you?" the next remark is almost certain to be about the weather. When they go abroad the English often surprise people of other nationalities by this tendency to talk about the weather, a topic of conversation that other people do not find so interesting.


Выпишите и выучите слова:


changeable - изменчивый, неустойчивый

wet - сырой, мокрый

nasty - мерзкий, противный

one day after the other - один день за другим

to go abroad - поехать за границу

to look forward to - с нетерпением ждать

the Continent - континент (Европа)

fog - туман

smog - смог

to spread - расстилаться

to creep - ползти, красться

conversation - разговор

topic - тема

remark - реплика


The Future Continuous Tense

Будущее продолженное время


вспомогательный глагол to be в будущем времени + окончание ing

вопросительная форма - вспомогательный глагол to be выносится на 1 место

отрицательная форма - после вспомогательного глагола to be добавляется частица not

I/you/he/she/it will be speaking

we/you/they will be speaking


Упражнение №1. Заполните пропуски глаголом to be в нужной форме:


1) I … doing my homework at six o`clock tomorrow. 2) My father … coming home at seven o`clock tomorrow. 3) What … you doing at eight o`clock tomorrow? 4) How many pages … you reading at five o`clock tomorrow? 5) … you playing volleyball at three o`clock tomorrow?


Упражнение №2. Образуйте вопросительную и отрицательную формы:


1) Mother will be listening the radio at ten o`clock. 2) He will be playing the football at five o`clock tomorrow. 3) They will be opening the shop at eight o`clock. 4) She will be doing the homework at four o`clock tomorrow. 5) We will be getting up at six o`clock tomorrow. 5) We will be getting up at six o`clock tomorrow.


Упражнение №3. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глагол в Future Continuous:

1) She … … coffee at this time tomorrow. (to drink) 2) My brother … … the letter at five o`clock tomorrow. (to write) 3) … you … badminton at this time tomorrow? 4) She … … the book when I came at three o`clock tomorrow. (to read) 5) Why … he … at four o`clock tomorrow?


Упражнение №4. Переведите с русского языка на английский:


1) Она будет играть на гитаре в 8 часов завтра. 2) Он будет читать интересную книгу, когда я приду домой завтра. 3) Они будут слушать музыку в 9 часов завтра. 4) Ты будешь идти на занятия в колледж в 5 часов завтра? 5) Мы будем учить стихотворение в 3 часа завтра.


Text "Our Country"


I live in Russia. Russia is my native country. The Russian Federation is the largest country in the world. It occupies one seventh of the Earth`s surface. It is situated both in Europe and Asia. The total area is about 17 million square kilometers. The country is washed by 12 seas and 3 oceans: the Pacific, the Arctic and the Atlantic oceans. Our neighbors in the south are Chine, Mongolia, Korea, Kazakhstan, Georgia and Azerbaijan. In the west we have borders with Norway, Finland, Belarus and the Ukraine. There is no country in the world like Russia, with the steppes in the south, plains and forests in the midland, tundra and taiga in the north, highlands and deserts in the east. There is a great number of rivers in Russia. The Volga, the longest in Europe river, flows into Caspian Sea. The main Siberian rivers - the Ob`, the Yenisey and the Lena flow from the south to the north. The Amur in the Far East flows into the Pacific ocean. The deepest lake in the world is Baikal. The water in the lake is so clear, that you can see the stones on the bottom.

Russia is very rich in oil, coal, iron ore, natural gas, copper, nickel and other mineral resources.

Russia is a parliamentary republic with the strong power of the President who is the head of the state. The State Duma and the Council of Federation are the legislative branch of the government.

The capital or Russia is Moscow. It is the largest political, cultural and industrial centre. It is one of the oldest Russian cities.

The national banner of Russia is a tricolor with white, blue and red stripes.


Выпишите и выучите слова:


native country - страна рождения, Родина

to occupy - занимать

surface - поверхность

highlands - возвышенности

to flow - течь

vast - обширный

copper - медь

legislative branch - законодательная ветвь (власти)

national banner - государственный флаг

stripes - полосы


Ответьте на вопросы:


1) Is the Russian Federation the largest country in the world? 2) What is the size or Russia? 3) What oceans is Russia washed by? 4) What are neighboring country of Russia? 5) What are the main rivers of Russia? 6) Is the deepest lake in the world Baikal? 7) What are the natural resources of Russia? 8) What is Russia capital? 9) Is Moscow one of the oldest Russian cities? 10) What does the national banner of Russia look like?


Вопросительные предложения


Вопросительные слова:

who? - кто?

whom? - кому? кого?

whose? - чей?

what? - что? какой?

where? - где? куда?

when? - когда?

why? - почему?

how? - как?

how many? how much - сколько?

how long? - как долго?


You live in Moscow.

Do you live in Moscow?

Where do you live?

Do you live in Moscow or Saratov?

You live in Moscow, don`t you?


Упражнение №1. Определите тип вопросительного предложения:


1) Do you work at a factory? 2) Where do you live? 3) How many brothers have you? 4) Are you a student or a school-girl? 5) He likes fishing, doesn`t he? 6) Do you play the guitar? 6) What is his hobby? 7) Does my mother or father work at a hospital? 8) We want to know the time, don`t we? 9) Can we see two hands on the face of the watch? 10) Is the other hand short or long?


Упражнение №2. Задайте к предложениям вопросы всех типов:


1) English people have their traditional festivals. 2) we will be getting up at six o`clock tomorrow. 3) She was reading the whole evening yesterday. 4) He is telling them some interesting story. 5) They will grow tomatoes next summer. 6) Mother cooked a very tasty dinner yesterday. 7) We saw a very good film last Sunday. 8) His sister studies English every day. 9) They return home late at night. 10) The … museum is one of the most … of the world.


Text "Moscow"


Moscow, the capital of Russia, is one of the largest cities in the world. It was founded in 1147 by the prince Yuri Dolgoruky. It stands on the banks of the Moskva river. About eight million people live in the city.

Moscow is famous for its historical and architectural monuments that were built by outstanding architects. The Red Square is the central and the most beautiful square in Moscow. It is the place of parades, meetings and demonstrations. There is a Cathedral of St. Basil built in 1552. It is a masterpiece of Russian architecture.

The heart of Moscow is the Kremlin. There is a wonderful architectural ensemble with 3 cathedral, the Bell Tower of Ivan the Great, places, fortress walls and 20 towers. The most famous of the towers is the Spasskay Tower with a big clock. The Kremlin with golden domes and towers makes a strong impression on tourists.

Several skyscrapers decorate Moscow, including Moscow University and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

Moscow is a scientific and cultural centre with a lot institutes, universities, libraries, museums. The city leads a vast cultural life. It has a lot of cinemas, clubs, concert halls, more than 40 drama and musical theatres, including the Bolshoi Theatre, the Art Theatre, The Maly Theatre and the Vathtangov Theatre.

Moscovites are proud of their museums: the Tretyakov Gallery admiring beautiful pictures of Russian painters. There are a lot of stadiums, swimming pools, counts and sport grounds in Moscow.

There are a lot of big plants and factories in Moscow that produce cars, lorries, home electrical appliances and so on.


Выпишите и выучите слова:


capital - столица

prince - князь

bank - берег

monument - памятник

outstanding - выдающийся

architect - архитектор

cathedral - собор

masterpiece - шедевр

ensemble - ансамбль

palace - дворец

fortress - крепость

Bell Tower - колокольня

dome - купол

skyscraper - небоскреб

Ministry of Foreign Affairs - министерство иностранных дел

scientific - научный

vast - обширный


Ответьте на вопросы:


1) When was Moscow founded? 2) Who founded Moscow? 3) What is Moscow famous for besides that is the capital of Russian Federation? 4) Do several skyscrapers decorate Moscow? 5) What do skyscrapers decorate Moscow? 6) Is Moscow a scientific and cultural centre? 7) What are the theatres of Moscow? 8) What are the world-famous theatres of Moscow? 9) What are the most famous museums of Moscow? 10) Are there a lot of big plants and factories in Moscow or Saratov?


The Present Perfect Tense

Настоящее законченное (совершенное) время


Вспомогательный глагол to have + 3 форма глагола

вопросительная форма - вспомогательный глагол to have выносится на 1 место

отрицательная форма - после вспомогательного глагола to have добавляется частица not


to ask - asked

I/you have asked

he/she/it - has asked

we/you/they have asked


to speak - spoke

I/you have spoke

he/she/it - has spoke

we/you/they have spoke


Упражнение №1. Образуйте вопросительную и отрицательную формы:

1) He has come. 2) I have read this novel. 3) She has seen that movie twice. 4) She has travelled that far. 5) I have been here for two hours. 6) He has worked for this company for 20 years. 7) I have been here for 15 minutes. 8) She has worked there since 1985. 9) They have heard the news. 10) You have traveled down South.


Упражнение №2. Измените время глагола на Present Perfect Tense:


1) The pupils are writing a dictation. 2) My friend is helping me to stave a difficult problem. 3) I am learning a poem. 4) She is telling them an interesting story. 5) Kate is sweeping the floor. 6) The waiter is putting a bottle of lemonade in front of him. 7) I am eating my breakfast. 8) We are drinking water. 9) he is bringing them some meat and vegetables. 10) You are putting the dishes on the table.


Упражнение №3. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глагол в Present Perfect Tense:


) She … … two exams. (to have, to take) 2) He … … the news. (to have, to hear) 3) Jack … … for the company for 10 years. (to have, to work) 4) Since the 60`s they … … in the same building. (to have, to work) 5) Today she … … and again as fit as a fiddle and as a gay as a lark. (to have, to rest) 6) … you … careful enough? (to have, to be) 7) Two years … … since you arrived at the place. (to have, to pass) 8) She … … out. (to have, to go) 10) Joe … … in the country for two months. (to have, to worked)


Упражнение №4. Переведите с английского языка на русский:


1) Your parcel has arrived. 2) Her figure has become fuller. 3) I have been in the country for two months. 4) She has gone out. 5) The guests have been led into the hall. 6) The suitcase has been left at the railway station. 7) This dispatch has come with the first mail. 8) Jane has finished reading the book. 9) The water and the heat have been turned off. 10) The girl has graduated with honors.


Text "The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland"


The United Kingdom is situated in the north-west coast of Europe between the Atlantic Ocean on the north and north-west and the North Sea on the east. The U. K. include Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Great Britain, the largest land in Europe, contains England, Scotland and Wales. The capital of the country is London. English is the official language.

The population lives mostly in towns and cities and their suburbs. The British nation consists of the English, the Scots, the Welsh and the Irish. There are many people of all colors and races in the U. K.

The climate of Great Britain is mild. It is not too hot in summer or too cold in winter. The surface of England and Ireland is flat, but Scotland and Wales are mountainous. Many parts of the country have beautiful villages. There are many rivers in Great Britain. The main river is the Thames. The longest river is Severn. It is 350 kilometers long.

There are many universities, collages, libraries, museums and theatres in the country. The most famous universities are Cambridge University, Oxford University, Glasgow University.

The U. K. is a parliamentary monarchy. The British Parliament consists of two Houses: the Houses of lords and House of Commons. The Prime Minister is the head of the government. The main political parties of Great Britain are the Labour Party, the Liberal Party, the Conservative Party.

The United Kingdom has few mineral resources. Coal and oil are the most important of them. The U. K. is one of the world`s most industrialized countries. The main industrial centers are Sheffield, Birmingham and Manchester, Glasgow, Belfast, Dublin.

Agriculture takes an important sector in economy of the country. The British people grow wheat, fruit, vegetables, oats.


Выпишите и выучите слова:


mild - мягкий

flat - плоский, ровный

monarchy - монархия

oats - овес

the English - англичане

the Scots - шотландцы

the Welsh - уэльсцы, валлийцы

the Irish - ирландцы

suburbs - пригород, окраина


Ответьте на вопросы:


1) Where is Great Britain situated? 2) What is the capital of the country? 3) What is the official language in England? 4) What does the British Parliament consists of? 5) What are the main political parties in Great Britain? 6) What are the main industrial centers in Great Britain? 7) Name the largest cities of the country. 8) What does the British nation consists of? 9) Are there many people of all colors and races in the U. K.? 10) Does agriculture take an important sector in economy of the country?


The Past Perfect Tense

Прошедшее совершенное время


Вспомогательный глагол to have в прошедшем времени + 3 форма глагола

вопросительная форма - вспомогательный глагол to have выносится на 1 место

отрицательная форма - после вспомогательного глагола to have добавляется частица not


to ask - asked

I/you/ he/she/it/we/you/they had asked


to speak - spoken

I/you/ he/she/it/we/you/they had spoken


Упражнение №1. Образуйте вопросительную и отрицательную формы:


1) My friend had come by 6 o`clock. 2) I had finished my work by Sunday. 3) We had read the book before we saw the film. 4) We had built many new factories. 5) Ben had been in hospital for a week. 6) I had found the flower shops closed. 7) They had seen the new play. 8) Her trip South had been delightful. 9) The road had frozen by the end of October. 10) He had finished the work by 4 o`clock.


Упражнение №2. Поставьте глаголы в The Past Perfect Tense:


1) Tom … … from the cinema by five o`clock. (to have, to return) 2) I … … my homework at seven o`clock. (to have, to finish) 3) By 2 o`clock the teacher … … all the student. (to have, to examine) 4) She … … the book the day before. (to have, to buy) 5) I … not …. (to have, to eat) 6) Ann told, she … … (to have, to see) 7) By eight o`clock yesterday I … … my homework. (to have, to do) 8) By six o`clock father … … home. (to have, to come) 9) By nine o`clock yesterday grandmother … … the dishes. (to have, to wash) 10) Yesterday I found the book which I … … in summer. (to have, to lose)


Упражнение №3. Переведите с английского языка на русский:


1) She is very glad: she had finished her composition at last. 2) He had translated the whole text by eleven o`clock. 3) When I had had breakfast, I went to school. 4) He repaired the toy which his brother had broken the day before. 5) The TV program had begun before I came home. 6) I understood that she had not read my letter. 7) Il`s all right; she had found the way out of the situation. 8) By the 1st of September all the children had returned from the country. 9) He had discussed the problem with a lot of people before he took a decision. 10) They told me yesterday that you had got an excellent mark.


Text "London"


London is the capital of Great Britain. It is very old city. It is one of the largest cities in the world and the largest city in Europe. London is not only the capital of the country, it is also a huge port.

London is situated upon both banks of the Thames. There are 17 bridges above the river. Traditionally it is divided into several parts, the City, Westminster, the West End and the East End. They are very different from each other.

The City is the oldest part of London, it`s financial and business centre. Numerous banks, offices and firms are concentrated here. Few people live in the City but over a million come to work here. There are two places of interest in the City: St. Paul`s Cathedral and he Tower of London. St. Paul`s Cathedral was built in the 17th century by architect Cristopher Wren. The Tower of London was built in 15th century. It was used as a fortress, a palace and a prison. Now it`s a museum.

Westminster is the aristocratic official pert of London. There are Buckingham Palace where the Queen lives and the Houses of Parliament along the north bank of Thames.

The clock of the Houses of Parliament is famous for its big hour bell known as "Big Ben". Westminster Abbey is the place where the coronation of nearly all kings and queens has taken place. Many of them are buried here as well as some other famous people of the country.

The West End is the richest and most beautiful pert of London. The best hotels, restaurants, shops, clubs, parks and houses are situated there. There are many tourists from different countries of the world.

Trafalgar Square is the geographical centre of London, it was named in the memory of Admiral Nelson`s victory in the battle of Trafalgar in 1805/ The tall Nelson`s Column stands in the middle of the square.

The East End is an industrial district of London. There are many factories there. The region is densely populated by working class families.


Выпишите и выучите слова:


capital - столица

centre - центр

numerous - многочисленный

palace - дворец

fortress - крепость

cathedral - собор

hotel - гостиница

prison - тюрьма

clock tower - колокольня

memory - память

residence - резиденция

official - официальный

densely - плотно

populated - населено


Ответьте на вопросы:


1) What is the capital of Great Britain? 2) Is London a big city? 3) On what river does London stand? 4) Into what parts is London divided? 5) Why is the City called the business centre of London? 6) What places of interest does Westminster include? 7) Who was buried in Westminster Abbey? 8) What is the West End famous for? 9) Why is the central square in London named Trafalgar Square? 10) Who lives in the East End?


The Future Perfect Tense

Будущее совершенное время


Вспомогательный глагол to have в будущем времени + 3 форма глагола

вопросительная форма - вспомогательный глагол will выносится на 1 место

отрицательная форма - после вспомогательного глагола to will добавляется частица not


to ask - asked

I/you/ he/she/it/we/you/they will have asked


to speak - spoken

I/you/ he/she/it/we/you/they will have spoken


Упражнение №1. Образуйте вопросительную и отрицательную формы:


1) I will have done my homework by six o`clock tomorrow. 2) You will have done this work by next Sunday. 3) My friend will have come by 6 o`clock. 4) I will have read the book before we see the film. 5) We will have finished my work by Sunday.


Упражнение №2. Переведите с английского языка на русский:


1) He will have translated the whole text tomorrow. 2) She will have gone out. 3) The guests will have been led into the hall. 4) The suitcase will have been left at the railway station. 5) Jane will have finished reading the book.


Text "The London Underground"


The London Underground is the oldest one in the world. The first line was opened in 1870. It was like a tube, that`s why it was called the Tube. English people call the old lines the Tube, the new lines the Underground.

One can see the word "Underground" across a large circle. It shows you where the stations are. When you want to find the metro stations in Moscow you look for the letter "M".

The old Tube runs across the centre. It has many stations. The London Underground is long. It is about 300 km long and has almost 300 Underground stations. Some of them are closed on Saturdays and Sundays. Many stations of the London Underground have "Car Park". The price of tickets is not cheap. It depends on the distance. There are comfortable seats in the carriages at the Underground. The walls are white or grey. There are a lot of advertisements everywhere in the Underground in London. You can see escalators and also lifts at some stations. Only half of the Underground trains in London with the country go over ground.


Выпишите и выучите слова:


circle - круг

advertisement - объявление, реклама


Ответьте на вопросы:


1) Is the London Underground the oldest in the world? 2) Where was the Tube opened? 3) How do English people name the old and the new lanes? 4) How many stations has the London Underground? 5) What do you know about the price of tickets in the London Underground? 6) Does the price of tickets depended on the distance? 7) Is the price of tickets dear or cheap? 8) What kind of seats are there in the carriages?

Modal verbs

Модальные глаголы


can - уметь, may - можно что-то сделать, must - должен

can, may, must + not

cannot


Упражнение №1. Заполните пропуски модальными глаголами can, may, must:


1) … I come in? 2) You … not smoke her. 3) … take your book? 4) He … not speak English yet. 5) They … not go to the park today because they are busy. 6) You … read this text: it is easy enough. 7) She … still live in Paris. 8( He is busy. he … be writing a book about his travels. 9) She … be woman of great talents. 10) At what time … you come to school?


Упражнение №2. Переведите с английского языка на русский:


1) Peter must return the book to the library. 2) Why cannot you understand it? 3) Must we do the exercise at once? 4) I can go out today: it is too cold. 5) - May I take your pen? - Yes, please. 6) We cannot carry the bookcase upstairs ourselves: the workers will come and do it. 7) - When can you come to see us? - I can come only on Sunday. 8) He must not drink alcohol when he drives. 9) Don`t worry! I can change a light bulb. 10) By the end of the week I may have finished writing my book.


Упражнение №3. Переведите с русского на английский язык:


1) Можно мне взять вашу книгу? 2) На уроке английского языка вы должны говорить только по-английски. 3) Мы должны сегодня сдать тетради. 4) - Можно мне задать вам вопрос? - пожалуйста. 5) Я не могу пойти с вами в кино, так как я очень занят. 6) Он сейчас должен быть в своем кабинете. Вы можете поговорить с ним. 7) Вы должны прочитать этот текст. 8) Может ли он выполнить это задание? 9) Я должен сегодня поговорить со своим другом. 10) Она может водить автобус.


The United States of America


The United States of America lies in the central part of the North American Continent between the two oceans: the Atlantic Ocean in the East and the Pacific Ocean in the West.

Canada in the North and Mexico in the South are the only countries that have borders with the USA.

The USA consists of three separate parts. They are the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean, Alaska and the main part. There are States in the USA. They are very different in size, population and economic development. The smallest state is Rhode Island and the biggest is Texas. The total area of the USA is about 9 million square kilometers. The population is about 230 million people.

The USA is a big country and the climate conditions are very different in different places.

There are many big cities in the United States: New York, Philadelphia, Houston, Chicago, Detroit, Los Angeles are the biggest of them.

The USA economically is the most powerful country in the world.

The USA is a parliamentary republic. The government has three branches: the Congress, the President and the Supreme Court.

There are two political parties in the United States: the Democratic Party, their Symbol is a donkey, and the Republican Party, their Symbol is an elephant. The president is elected for a 4-year term and not more than two times.

The Congress has two houses: the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Supreme Court is the highest court in the country.


Выпишите и выучите слова:


borders - границы

climate conditions - климатические условия

parliamentary republic - парламентская республика

branches - ветви

donkey - осел

term - срок

House of Representatives - палата представителей

Supreme Court - Верховный суд


Ответьте на вопросы:


1) What is the size of the United States? 2) What is the smallest state in the United States? 3) What is the largest state in US? 4) What are the biggest cities of the United States? 5) What are the three branches of the US government? 6) What is the political system of the US?


The degrees of comparison of adjectives and adverbs

Степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий


tall - taller - the tallest

difficult - more difficult - the most difficult


Упражнение №1. Образуйте сравнительную и превосходную степени следующих прилагательных:


Hot, long, short. clever, silly, great, red, interesting, black, white, wonderful, fat, nice, necessary, warm, cold, quickly, small, tall, popular, high, weak, famous, green, dry, beautiful, clean, dirty, slowly, wide, deep, brave, active.


Упражнение №2. Переведите с английского языка на русский:


1) The new cinema is our district is much bigger than the old one. 2) He is one of the most dangerous criminals in the world. 3) Nevsky Prospect is much more beautiful than our street. 4) Our house isn`t as big as yours. 5) That`s the funniest story I`ve ever heard, 6) We started earlier than you. 7) he was more careful than I. 8) This student is the most attentive in our group. 9) I need a warmer coat. 10) He was the eldest in the family.


Упражнение №3. Переведите с русского языка на английский:


1) Это самая ценная картина в русском музее. 2) Мой компьютер не такой новый, как компьютер моего друга. 3) Наши экзамены гораздо труднее, чем ваши. 4) Здание Московского университета самое высокое в столице. 5) Невский проспект - одна из самых красивых улиц Санкт-Петербурга. 7) Погода сегодня хуже, чем вчера. 8) Сегодня холоднее, и идет дождь. 9) Крым - одно из самых лучших мест для отдыха. 10) Сегодня он чувствует себя гораздо лучше.



 
 
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